AUTHOR:
Tomasz Białobłocki
ABSTRACT:
The article considers and systematizes the history of autonomist and separatist tendencies and the peculiarities of the subjectification of ethnic Russians in Crimea in 1988–2013, i.e. on the eve of its annexation by Russia in 2014. It was stated that the specified problems in the specified period of time passed at least two stages of its development. Initially, i.e. in the late 1980s and 1990s, the development of autonomist and separatist tendencies in Crimea was marked by a drastically radical character, but later, i.e. at the beginning of the XXI century, it was transferred into centrism or at least left-wing centrism. It was also stated that the autonomy and separatism in Crimea at its first stage of development were different in their direction, in particular pro-Russian and Crimean Tatarian ones, mainly nationally determined, and later became more monolithic and oriented to the Russian Federation, albeit in pro-Russian and pro-Slavic senses. The author substantiated that despite the overflow of the Crimean autonomism and separatism in a moderate or latent course at the beginning of the XXI century, this issue was not removed and the Russian occupation authorities actively resorted it in 2013–2014, in particular in the framework of the annexation of Crimea. This allowed arguing that the Crimean autonomy within Ukraine and the attempts of separatism have become a kind of political technology of accounting of the Crimean specificity.
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